GAC Trumpchi M8 2.0T 4/7Seater Hybrid MPV
Nzvimbo huru yeMPVmienzaniso inounza kutasva kunyaradzwa uye kurodha simba risingagoni kuenzaniswa nemhando dzeSUV.Naizvozvo, rinhiSUVmhando dzave dzakakurumbira mumakore achangopfuura, vashandisi vazhinji vanowanzo sarudza MPV, kunyanya kumhuri dzemhuri dzakawanda.IzviTrumpchi M82023 Mutungamiriri Series 390T Deluxe Edition inogona kukwanisa kugutsa sarudzo yako yemhando dzemhuri.
Iyo yekutsikisa-yemhando yeinjini yekuvharisa pasi pepamberi pemota inosimbisa pfungwa yerupo uye ukobvu hweyakachinjika sirivheri simbi chrome plating pazasi, uye dhizaini yakarongedzwa zvakanaka uye mukuwirirana inounza yakachinjika yekuona mutsara mutsara.Iyo mhepo yekudyara grille inogara yakawanda yekumberi kwechiso nzvimbo, uye yakapetwa neyakamisikidzwa ye LED rectangular headlight components uye mapaneru akakomberedzwa pamativi ese, uye inotsanangurwa neyakakombama masikati inomhanya mwenje tambo uye peta mutsara pane convex contour.Inounza zvakanaka kutsetsenura kwekuona.
Kureba, upamhi uye urefu hwemuviri 5089x1884x1822mm.Kumusoro kwehwindo kwakafukidzwa nesirivheri simbi chrome plating, ine kupenya kwekuona uye kutaridzika kwemavara.Iyo D-mbiru chikamu chakawedzerwa uye chakakora, uye hwindo rekumashure rakaputirwa mune yakasviba yakatenderedza kuti iite compact.The waistline kumativi muviri pazasi rinoratidza mumvuri nzvimbo pasi chiedza, kuumba mutsauko nemuviri panel.
Muswe wakazara wakaita sikweya, muparadzi wepamusoro wakafukidzwa, jira rakarerekera zvishoma pazasi uye kumucheto kwehwindo remuswe kwakasvibiswa, uye maviri anokwana zvinowirirana pasina kuunza misiyano yekuona.Iyo yepakati chikamu yakamisikidzwa neiyo mota logo mukuora mwoyo kweiyo yakawedzera chimiro chepaneru, yekumusoro taillight tambo inopa arched chimiro, uye mutsara wakatetepa wakatwasuka unopindirwa mukati memigumo miviri yekuisa, uye magumo ezasi akafukidzwa ne. embellishment, uye yose inosungirirwa pakati pemashure.
Iyo yepakati console tafura inopa "T" chimiro, iyo tafura yakarerekera zvishoma, uye 7-inch LCD chiridzwa chakamisikidzwa kumucheto kuruboshwe.Iyo 10.1-inch yepakati control touch screen inoiswa mukati.Rutivi rworudyi rwakafukidzwa neganda rakapfava.Migumo miviri yenzvimbo yepasi yekubata giya yakatenderedzwa zvishoma, ichiunza yakawedzera nzvimbo yekugara yemutyairi mukuru uye mutyairi-mutyairi, uye yese yakakomberedzwa nechrome-yakapfatwa trim mitsetse yekusimudzira yakakwenenzverwa magadzirirwo.
Iyo yekumashure yakazvimiririra air conditioner, yekumashure inopedza mhepo yemhepo, matatu-zone tembiricha yekugadziridza nzvimbo, mota mhepo yekuchenesa, PM2.5 sefa mudziyo uye yakaipa ion jenareta mumotokari inounza yakagadzika tembiricha chiitiko uye yakanaka mhepo mhando mumotokari.Yakashongedzerwa neECO/Sports/Comfort matatu ekutyaira modhi anogona kugadziridzwa, uye akashongedzerwa neanobatsira/anodzora masisitimu akadai serubatsiro rwekukwira, mawere emawere, uye otomatiki kupaka, izvo zvinoderedza mashandiro emutyairi uye kuita kuti kutyaira mota kuve nyore.
Nekuda kwe3000mm wheelbase, inounza nzvimbo yakakwana mukati memota.Iyo 7-seater marongero e2 + 2 + 3 inogamuchirwa, uye mutsara wechipiri wezvigaro zvakazvimirira une ruzivo rwakanyanya rwekutyaira.Mutsara wechitatu unewo imwe nzvimbo yekufamba kana vanhu vatatu vakagara, haizonzwa yakatsvikinyidzana, uye ruzivo rwekukwira rwese rwakagadzikana.
Kudhiraivha kwemagetsi kunopa simba rakasiyana-siyana rekubuda kune chidhiraivho nekumhanya kwakasiyana, zvichiita kuti chidhiraivho chiwedzere kunzwisisika kana uchityaira nekumhanya kwakaderera uye kugadzikana kana uchityaira nekumhanya kwakanyanya.Iyo kumiswa ndiyo inowanzoshandiswa MacPherson kumiswa + yakawanda-link yakazvimirira kumiswa.Kufamba kwaro kunyaradzwa kunogamuchirwa, uye kuwirirana pakati pemavhiri kunogadziriswa kuitira kuti camber angle yemavhiri inogona kugadziriswa, uye kudzora kunenge kwakanaka.
Injini inogadzirwa ne 2.0T injini ine simba re 185kW (252Ps) uye peak torque ye 390N m.Mafuta anoshandiswa pasi peWLTC chiyero ndeye 8.7L/100km.Inoshandisa 95# peturu.Injini ine tekinoroji yeDCVVT uye ine 8AT gearbox.
Trumpchi M8 Zvinotsanangurwa
Motokari Model | Trumpchi M8 | |||
2023 Mutungamiriri Series 390T Deluxe Edition | 2023 Master Series 390T Premium Edition | 2023 Grand Master Series 2.0TGDI Yakanyanyisa Edition | 2023 Grand Master Series 2.0TM Hybrid Yakanyanyisa Edition | |
Dimension | 5089*1884*1822mm | 5149*1884*1822mm | 5212*1893*1823mm | 5212*1893*1823mm |
Wheelbase | 3000mm | 3000mm | 3070mm | 3070mm |
Max Speed | 200km | 200km | 200km | 180km |
0-100 km/h Kuwedzera Nguva | Hapana | |||
Battery Capacity | ||||
Bhatiri Type | Hapana | Hapana | Hapana | NiMH bhatiri |
Bhatiri Technology | Hapana | Hapana | Hapana | PRIMEARTH |
Kurumidza Kuchaja Nguva | Hapana | |||
Pure Electric Cruising Range | ||||
Kushandiswa Kwemafuta Pa 100 km | 8.7L | 8.7L | 8.95L | 5.91L |
Kushandiswa Kwemagetsi Per 100 km | Hapana | |||
Displacement | 1991cc(Tubro) | |||
Simba reInjini | 252hp/185kw | 252hp/185kw | 252hp/185kw | 190hp/140kw |
Engine Maximum Torque | 390Nm | 390Nm | 400Nm | 330Nm |
Motor Power | Hapana | Hapana | Hapana | 182hp/134kw |
Motokari Maximum Torque | Hapana | Hapana | Hapana | 270Nm |
Nhamba Yezvigaro | 7 | |||
Driving System | Mberi FWD | |||
Minimum State Of Charge Fuel Consumption | Hapana | |||
Gearbox | 8-Speed Automatic (8AT) | 8-Speed Automatic (8AT) | 8-Speed Automatic (8AT) | E-CVT |
Kumiswa pamberi | MacPherson Independent Kumiswa | |||
Rear Suspension | Multi-Link Yakazvimirira Kumiswa |
Trumpchi M8 MPVine hunyanzvi hwakadzikama mune ese maficha uye yakanaka yakanaka chose chigadzirwa kusimba.Zvekushandisa pamba, mutengo / kuita reshiyo yakanaka kwazvo.Iyo zano rehukuru hukuru uye yakaderera mutengo zvakare inobata iyo yevatengi psychology yevatengi kana vachitenga mota.Nhamba yekutengesa muchikamu chemusika ikozvino yechipiri chete kuneVaka GL8uyeDenza D9 DM-i.
Motokari Model | Trumpchi M8 | |
2024 Master Series 2.0TGDI Premium Edition | 2024 Master Series 2.0TGDI Supreme Edition | |
Basic Information | ||
Mugadziri | Iyo kambani GAC Motor | |
Energy Type | peturu | |
Injini | 2.0T 252 HP L4 | |
Maximum Power(kW) | 185(252hp) | |
Maximum Torque (Nm) | 400Nm | |
Gearbox | 8-Speed Automatic (8AT) | |
LxWxH(mm) | 5212x1893x1823mm | |
Kumhanya Kwepamusoro(KM/H) | 200km | |
WLTC Yakakwana Fuel Consumption (L/100km) | 8.95L | |
Muviri | ||
Hheelbase (mm) | 3070 | |
Front Wheel Base(mm) | 1628 | |
Rear Wheel Base(mm) | 1638 | |
Nhamba Yemikova (pcs) | 5 | |
Nhamba Yezvigaro (pcs) | 7 | |
Curb Weight (kg) | 2060 | 2150 |
Mutoro Wakazara Misa(kg) | 2790 | |
Fuel tank capacity (L) | Hapana | |
Dhonza Coefficient (Cd) | Hapana | |
Injini | ||
Injini Model | 4B20J1 | |
Displacement (mL) | 1991 | |
Kubviswa (L) | 2.0 | |
Air Intake Fomu | Turbocharged | |
Cylinder Arrangement | L | |
Nhamba Yemacylinders (pcs) | 4 | |
Nhamba Yemavharuvhu paSilinda (pcs) | 4 | |
Maximum Horsepower (Ps) | 252 | |
Simba guru (kW) | 185 | |
Yakanyanya Simba Yekumhanya (rpm) | 5250 | |
Maximum Torque (Nm) | 400 | |
Maximum Torque Speed (rpm) | 1750-4000 | |
Engine Specific Technology | 350bar high-pressure direct injection fuel system, GCCS combustion control patented tekinoroji, dual-channel supercharger, yakavakirwa-mukati dual balance shaft modules, electric heat thermostat, inoshanduka pombi yemafuta, yemukati inotonhorera yemafuta chiteshi piston. | |
Fuel Form | peturu | |
Mafuta Giredhi | 95# | |
Fuel Supply Method | In-Cylinder Direct Jekiseni | |
Gearbox | ||
Gearbox Tsanangudzo | 8-Speed Automatic | |
Magiya | 8 | |
Gearbox Type | Automatic manual transmission (AT) | |
Chassis/Kutungamira | ||
Drive Mode | Mberi FWD | |
Four-Wheel Drive Type | Hapana | |
Kumiswa pamberi | MacPherson Independent Kumiswa | |
Rear Suspension | Multi-Link Yakazvimirira Kumiswa | |
Kufambisa Type | Kubatsira Kwemagetsi | |
Muviri Maumbirwo | Load Bearing | |
Wheel/Brake | ||
Front Brake Type | Ventilated Disc | |
Rear Brake Type | Solid Disc | |
Kukura KweTire | 225/55 R18 | |
Rear Tire Saizi | 225/55 R18 |
Motokari Model | Trumpchi M8 | |||
2023 Mutungamiriri Series 390T Deluxe Edition | 2023 Mutungamiriri Series 390T Exclusive Edition | 2023 Mutungamiriri Series 390T Premium Edition | 2023 Mutungamiriri Series 390T Yakanyanya Edition | |
Basic Information | ||||
Mugadziri | Iyo kambani GAC Motor | |||
Energy Type | peturu | |||
Injini | 2.0T 252 HP L4 | |||
Maximum Power(kW) | 185(252hp) | |||
Maximum Torque (Nm) | 390Nm | |||
Gearbox | 8-Speed Automatic (8AT) | |||
LxWxH(mm) | 5089*1884*1822mm | |||
Kumhanya Kwepamusoro(KM/H) | 200km | |||
WLTC Yakakwana Fuel Consumption (L/100km) | 8.7L | |||
Muviri | ||||
Hheelbase (mm) | 3000 | |||
Front Wheel Base(mm) | 1620 | |||
Rear Wheel Base(mm) | 1635 | |||
Nhamba Yemikova (pcs) | 5 | |||
Nhamba Yezvigaro (pcs) | 7 | |||
Curb Weight (kg) | 2020 | 2075 | ||
Mutoro Wakazara Misa(kg) | 2600 | |||
Fuel tank capacity (L) | 65 | |||
Dhonza Coefficient (Cd) | Hapana | |||
Injini | ||||
Injini Model | 4B20J1 | |||
Displacement (mL) | 1991 | |||
Kubviswa (L) | 2.0 | |||
Air Intake Fomu | Turbocharged | |||
Cylinder Arrangement | L | |||
Nhamba Yemacylinders (pcs) | 4 | |||
Nhamba Yemavharuvhu paSilinda (pcs) | 4 | |||
Maximum Horsepower (Ps) | 252 | |||
Simba guru (kW) | 185 | |||
Yakanyanya Simba Yekumhanya (rpm) | 5250 | |||
Maximum Torque (Nm) | 390 | |||
Maximum Torque Speed (rpm) | 1750-4000 | |||
Engine Specific Technology | DCVVT | |||
Fuel Form | peturu | |||
Mafuta Giredhi | 95# | |||
Fuel Supply Method | In-Cylinder Direct Jekiseni | |||
Gearbox | ||||
Gearbox Tsanangudzo | 8-Speed Automatic | |||
Magiya | 8 | |||
Gearbox Type | Automatic manual transmission (AT) | |||
Chassis/Kutungamira | ||||
Drive Mode | Mberi FWD | |||
Four-Wheel Drive Type | Hapana | |||
Kumiswa pamberi | MacPherson Independent Kumiswa | |||
Rear Suspension | Multi-Link Yakazvimirira Kumiswa | |||
Kufambisa Type | Kubatsira Kwemagetsi | |||
Muviri Maumbirwo | Load Bearing | |||
Wheel/Brake | ||||
Front Brake Type | Ventilated Disc | |||
Rear Brake Type | Solid Disc | |||
Kukura KweTire | 225/60 R17 | 225/55 R18 | ||
Rear Tire Saizi | 225/60 R17 | 225/55 R18 |
Motokari Model | Trumpchi M8 | |||
2023 Mutungamiriri Series 390T Flagship Edition | 2023 Master Series 390T Premium Edition | 2023 Master Series 390T Yakanyanya Edition | 2023 Master Series 390T Flagship Edition | |
Basic Information | ||||
Mugadziri | Iyo kambani GAC Motor | |||
Energy Type | peturu | |||
Injini | 2.0T 252 HP L4 | |||
Maximum Power(kW) | 185(252hp) | |||
Maximum Torque (Nm) | 390Nm | |||
Gearbox | 8-Speed Automatic (8AT) | |||
LxWxH(mm) | 5089*1884*1822mm | 5149*1884*1822mm | ||
Kumhanya Kwepamusoro(KM/H) | 200km | |||
WLTC Yakakwana Fuel Consumption (L/100km) | 8.7L | |||
Muviri | ||||
Hheelbase (mm) | 3000 | |||
Front Wheel Base(mm) | 1620 | |||
Rear Wheel Base(mm) | 1635 | |||
Nhamba Yemikova (pcs) | 5 | |||
Nhamba Yezvigaro (pcs) | 7 | |||
Curb Weight (kg) | 2075 | |||
Mutoro Wakazara Misa(kg) | 2600 | |||
Fuel tank capacity (L) | 65 | |||
Dhonza Coefficient (Cd) | Hapana | |||
Injini | ||||
Injini Model | 4B20J1 | |||
Displacement (mL) | 1991 | |||
Kubviswa (L) | 2.0 | |||
Air Intake Fomu | Turbocharged | |||
Cylinder Arrangement | L | |||
Nhamba Yemacylinders (pcs) | 4 | |||
Nhamba Yemavharuvhu paSilinda (pcs) | 4 | |||
Maximum Horsepower (Ps) | 252 | |||
Simba guru (kW) | 185 | |||
Yakanyanya Simba Yekumhanya (rpm) | 5250 | |||
Maximum Torque (Nm) | 390 | |||
Maximum Torque Speed (rpm) | 1750-4000 | |||
Engine Specific Technology | DCVVT | |||
Fuel Form | peturu | |||
Mafuta Giredhi | 95# | |||
Fuel Supply Method | In-Cylinder Direct Jekiseni | |||
Gearbox | ||||
Gearbox Tsanangudzo | 8-Speed Automatic | |||
Magiya | 8 | |||
Gearbox Type | Automatic manual transmission (AT) | |||
Chassis/Kutungamira | ||||
Drive Mode | Mberi FWD | |||
Four-Wheel Drive Type | Hapana | |||
Kumiswa pamberi | MacPherson Independent Kumiswa | |||
Rear Suspension | Multi-Link Yakazvimirira Kumiswa | |||
Kufambisa Type | Kubatsira Kwemagetsi | |||
Muviri Maumbirwo | Load Bearing | |||
Wheel/Brake | ||||
Front Brake Type | Ventilated Disc | |||
Rear Brake Type | Solid Disc | |||
Kukura KweTire | 225/55 R18 | |||
Rear Tire Saizi | 225/55 R18 |
Motokari Model | Trumpchi M8 | ||||
2023 Facelift Master Series 390T 4-Seater Royal Edition | 2023 Facelift Master Series 390T 4-Seater Honor Edition | 2023 Facelift Master Series 390T 4-Seater Imperial Edition | 2023 Grand Master Series 2.0TGDI Yakanyanyisa Edition | 2023 Grand Master Series 2.0TGDI Flagship Edition | |
Basic Information | |||||
Mugadziri | Iyo kambani GAC Motor | ||||
Energy Type | peturu | ||||
Injini | 2.0T 252 HP L4 | ||||
Maximum Power(kW) | 185(252hp) | ||||
Maximum Torque (Nm) | 390Nm | 400Nm | |||
Gearbox | 8-Speed Automatic (8AT) | ||||
LxWxH(mm) | 5149*1884*1822mm | 5212*1893*1823mm | |||
Kumhanya Kwepamusoro(KM/H) | 200km | ||||
WLTC Yakakwana Fuel Consumption (L/100km) | 8.85L | 8.95L | |||
Muviri | |||||
Hheelbase (mm) | 3000 | 3070 | |||
Front Wheel Base(mm) | 1620 | 1628 | |||
Rear Wheel Base(mm) | 1635 | 1638 | |||
Nhamba Yemikova (pcs) | 5 | ||||
Nhamba Yezvigaro (pcs) | 4 | 7 | |||
Curb Weight (kg) | 2075 | 2150 | |||
Mutoro Wakazara Misa(kg) | 2600 | 2790 | |||
Fuel tank capacity (L) | 65 | Hapana | |||
Dhonza Coefficient (Cd) | Hapana | ||||
Injini | |||||
Injini Model | 4B20J1 | ||||
Displacement (mL) | 1991 | ||||
Kubviswa (L) | 2.0 | ||||
Air Intake Fomu | Turbocharged | ||||
Cylinder Arrangement | L | ||||
Nhamba Yemacylinders (pcs) | 4 | ||||
Nhamba Yemavharuvhu paSilinda (pcs) | 4 | ||||
Maximum Horsepower (Ps) | 252 | ||||
Simba guru (kW) | 185 | ||||
Yakanyanya Simba Yekumhanya (rpm) | 5250 | ||||
Maximum Torque (Nm) | 390 | 400 | |||
Maximum Torque Speed (rpm) | 1750-4000 | ||||
Engine Specific Technology | DCVVT | ||||
Fuel Form | peturu | ||||
Mafuta Giredhi | 95# | ||||
Fuel Supply Method | In-Cylinder Direct Jekiseni | ||||
Gearbox | |||||
Gearbox Tsanangudzo | 8-Speed Automatic | ||||
Magiya | 8 | ||||
Gearbox Type | Automatic manual transmission (AT) | ||||
Chassis/Kutungamira | |||||
Drive Mode | Mberi FWD | ||||
Four-Wheel Drive Type | Hapana | ||||
Kumiswa pamberi | MacPherson Independent Kumiswa | ||||
Rear Suspension | Multi-Link Yakazvimirira Kumiswa | ||||
Kufambisa Type | Kubatsira Kwemagetsi | ||||
Muviri Maumbirwo | Load Bearing | ||||
Wheel/Brake | |||||
Front Brake Type | Ventilated Disc | ||||
Rear Brake Type | Solid Disc | Ventilated Disc | |||
Kukura KweTire | 225/55 R18 | ||||
Rear Tire Saizi | 225/55 R18 |
Motokari Model | Trumpchi M8 | ||
2023 Grand Master Series 2.0TM Hybrid Yakanyanyisa Edition | 2023 Grand Master Series 2.0TM Hybrid Flagship Edition | 2023 Grand Master Series 2.0TM Hybrid Royal Edition | |
Basic Information | |||
Mugadziri | Iyo kambani GAC Motor | ||
Energy Type | Hybrid | ||
Motor | 2.0T 190hp L4 Gasoline-Electric Hybrid | ||
Pure Electric Cruising Range(KM) | Hapana | ||
Nguva yekuchaja (Awa) | Hapana | ||
Engine Maximum Power (kW) | 140(190hp) | ||
Motor Maximum Power (kW) | 134(182hp) | ||
Engine Maximum Torque (Nm) | 330Nm | ||
Motokari Maximum Torque (Nm) | 270Nm | ||
LxWxH(mm) | 5212x1893x1823mm | ||
Kumhanya Kwepamusoro(KM/H) | 180km | ||
Kushandisa Magetsi pa100km (kWh/100km) | Hapana | ||
Minimum State Of Charge Kushandisa Mafuta (L/100km) | Hapana | ||
Muviri | |||
Hheelbase (mm) | 3070 | ||
Front Wheel Base(mm) | 1628 | ||
Rear Wheel Base(mm) | 1638 | ||
Nhamba Yemikova (pcs) | 5 | ||
Nhamba Yezvigaro (pcs) | 7 | ||
Curb Weight (kg) | 2245 | ||
Mutoro Wakazara Misa(kg) | 2890 | ||
Fuel tank capacity (L) | Hapana | ||
Dhonza Coefficient (Cd) | Hapana | ||
Injini | |||
Injini Model | 4B20J2 | ||
Displacement (mL) | 1991 | ||
Kubviswa (L) | 2.0 | ||
Air Intake Fomu | Turbocharged | ||
Cylinder Arrangement | L | ||
Nhamba Yemacylinders (pcs) | 4 | ||
Nhamba Yemavharuvhu paSilinda (pcs) | 4 | ||
Maximum Horsepower (Ps) | 190 | ||
Simba guru (kW) | 140 | ||
Maximum Torque (Nm) | 330Nm | ||
Engine Specific Technology | Hapana | ||
Fuel Form | Gasoline Electric Drive | ||
Mafuta Giredhi | 92# | ||
Fuel Supply Method | In-Cylinder Direct Jekiseni | ||
Electric Motor | |||
Motor Description | Gasoline Magetsi Drive 182 hp | ||
Motor Type | Permanent magineti/synchronous | ||
Total Motor Power (kW) | 134 | ||
Motor Total Horsepower (Ps) | 182 | ||
Motokari Yese Torque (Nm) | 270 | ||
Front Motor Maximum Power (kW) | 134 | ||
Front Motor Maximum Torque (Nm) | 270 | ||
Rear Motor Maximum Power (kW) | Hapana | ||
Rear Motor Maximum Torque (Nm) | Hapana | ||
Drive Motor Number | Single Motor | ||
Motor Layout | Mberi | ||
Kuchaja bhatiri | |||
Bhatiri Type | NiMH bhatiri | ||
Bhatiri Brand | PRIMEARTH | ||
Bhatiri Technology | Hapana | ||
Kukwana kwebhatiri (kWh) | Hapana | ||
Kuchaja bhatiri | Hapana | ||
Hapana | |||
Battery Temperature Management System | Hapana | ||
Hapana | |||
Gearbox | |||
Gearbox Tsanangudzo | E-CVT | ||
Magiya | Kuenderera mberi Variable Speed | ||
Gearbox Type | Electronic Inoramba ichichinja Transmission (E-CVT) | ||
Chassis/Kutungamira | |||
Drive Mode | Mberi FWD | ||
Four-Wheel Drive Type | Hapana | ||
Kumiswa pamberi | MacPherson Independent Kumiswa | ||
Rear Suspension | Multi-Link Yakazvimirira Kumiswa | ||
Kufambisa Type | Kubatsira Kwemagetsi | ||
Muviri Maumbirwo | Load Bearing | ||
Wheel/Brake | |||
Front Brake Type | Ventilated Disc | ||
Rear Brake Type | Ventilated Disc | ||
Kukura KweTire | 225/55 R18 | ||
Rear Tire Saizi | 225/55 R18 |
Weifang Century Sovereign Automobile Sales Co., Ltd.Iva mutungamiri weindasitiri muminda yemotokari.Bhizinesi guru rinobva kune yakaderera-yekupedzisira mhando kuenda kune yepamusoro-yekupedzisira uye yekupedzisira-yakasarudzika mhando yemotokari kutengesa kunze kwenyika.Ipa mhando nyowani yekuChina mota kunze kwenyika uye yakashandiswa kunze kwenyika.